VibeSec
Detection & exploit catalog

What VibeSec can find

Every vulnerability class our engine detects, the severity it typically carries, and the tools used to find and confirm it. Named CVEs show a live EPSS score (the probability of exploitation in the next 30 days), sourced from FIRST.org.

45

detection classes

29

active checks

16

passive checks

8+

named CVEs (Nuclei)

Notable CVEs in coverage

High-profile vulnerabilities detected by our Nuclei template engine (when enabled). EPSS is live from FIRST.org.

Apache Log4j RCE (Log4Shell)

Critical (10.0)
CVE-2021-44228·CVSSv3 10.0·EPSS 1.00

Unauthenticated remote code execution via a crafted log message processed by Log4j JNDI lookups.

Nuclei

Spring Framework RCE (Spring4Shell)

Critical (9.8)
CVE-2022-22965·CVSSv3 9.8·EPSS 1.00

Remote code execution in Spring MVC/WebFlux apps running on JDK 9+ via data-binding.

Nuclei

Apache Struts 2 RCE

Critical (10.0)
CVE-2017-5638·CVSSv3 10.0·EPSS 1.00

RCE via a crafted Content-Type header (the Equifax breach vulnerability).

NucleiOWASP ZAP

Drupal RCE (Drupalgeddon2)

Critical (9.8)
CVE-2018-7600·CVSSv3 9.8·EPSS 1.00

Unauthenticated remote code execution in Drupal core via form rendering.

Nuclei

Atlassian Confluence OGNL RCE

Critical (9.8)
CVE-2022-26134·CVSSv3 9.8·EPSS 1.00

Unauthenticated OGNL injection leading to remote code execution in Confluence Server/Data Center.

Nuclei

MOVEit Transfer SQLi → RCE

Critical (9.8)
CVE-2023-34362·CVSSv3 9.8·EPSS 1.00

SQL injection in MOVEit Transfer leading to remote code execution (mass-exploited by ransomware groups).

Nuclei

GitLab Account Takeover

Critical (10.0)
CVE-2023-7028·CVSSv3 10.0·EPSS 0.95

Password-reset emails delivered to an attacker-controlled address, enabling account takeover.

Nuclei

Citrix NetScaler (Citrix Bleed)

Critical (9.4)
CVE-2023-4966·CVSSv3 9.4·EPSS 1.00

Sensitive memory disclosure leaking session tokens, enabling session hijacking.

Nuclei

Vulnerability classes

CVSS shown is a representative base score; a real finding varies by context. EPSS is a per-CVE metric, so it is not applicable to a whole class.

45 of 45 detection capabilities

SQL Injection (error + blind)

Critical (9.8)
A03:2025·Active·EPSS: varies per CVE

User input reaches a SQL query unsanitized. Tested with a battery of error, boolean, and time-based payloads across MySQL, PostgreSQL, MSSQL, and Oracle, then confirmed differentially. Leads to full database compromise.

Exploitable / detected with

VibeSec nativesqlmapOWASP ZAPWapitiNuclei

OS Command Injection (marker + blind)

Critical (9.8)
A03:2025·Active·EPSS: varies per CVE

Input reaches a system shell. Confirmed by executing a benign arithmetic command or a measured time delay. Leads to full server takeover.

Exploitable / detected with

VibeSec nativecommixOWASP ZAPWapiti

Server-Side Template Injection (SSTI)

Critical (9.8)
A03:2025·Active·EPSS: varies per CVE

Input is rendered as a template; the server evaluates injected expressions. Often escalates directly to remote code execution.

Exploitable / detected with

VibeSec nativeNuclei

NoSQL Injection

Critical (9.8)
A03:2025·Active·EPSS: varies per CVE

Operator-object injection (e.g. {"$gt":""}) into a NoSQL query, bypassing authentication or extracting data.

Exploitable / detected with

VibeSec nativeOWASP ZAP

LDAP Injection

High (8.6)
A03:2025·Active·EPSS: varies per CVE

Filter-syntax injection into an LDAP query to bypass authentication or enumerate directory users.

Exploitable / detected with

VibeSec native

XPath Injection

High (7.5)
A03:2025·Active·EPSS: varies per CVE

Injection into an XPath query over XML data, similar to SQLi but against XML stores.

Exploitable / detected with

VibeSec native

CRLF Injection / HTTP Response Splitting

Medium (6.1)
A03:2025·Active·EPSS: varies per CVE

Carriage-return/line-feed injection into the response, enabling header injection, cache poisoning, and response splitting.

Exploitable / detected with

VibeSec nativeWapiti

Reflected Cross-Site Scripting (XSS, multi-context)

Medium (6.1)
A03:2025·Active·EPSS: varies per CVE

Unescaped reflection of user input enabling JavaScript execution in victims' browsers. Probed across HTML, attribute, script, and title contexts with context-aware payloads.

Exploitable / detected with

VibeSec nativeXSStrikeOWASP ZAPWapiti

Open Redirect

Medium (6.1)
A01:2025·Active·EPSS: varies per CVE

A redirect parameter accepts arbitrary external URLs, used to make phishing links appear to come from your trusted domain.

Exploitable / detected with

VibeSec nativeWapitiNuclei

Cross-Site Request Forgery (missing token)

Medium (6.5)
A01:2025·Active·EPSS: varies per CVE

State-changing forms without an anti-CSRF token, allowing other sites to submit actions as a logged-in user.

Exploitable / detected with

VibeSec native

CORS Misconfiguration

High (7.5)
A05:2025·Passive·EPSS: varies per CVE

Origin reflection or wildcard with credentials, letting any site read authenticated responses on a victim's behalf.

Exploitable / detected with

VibeSec native

Path Traversal / Local File Inclusion

High (7.5)
A01:2025·Active·EPSS: varies per CVE

Reading files outside the intended directory (confirmed by reading /etc/passwd). Often a path to config files and credentials.

Exploitable / detected with

VibeSec nativeOWASP ZAPWapiti

Remote File Inclusion (RFI)

Critical (9.8)
A03:2025·Active·EPSS: varies per CVE

Server includes a remote, attacker-supplied file, leading to remote code execution.

Exploitable / detected with

VibeSec nativeWapiti

Server-Side Request Forgery (SSRF)

Critical (9.1)
A10:2025·Active·EPSS: varies per CVE

Server fetches an attacker-controlled URL; confirmed by reaching the cloud metadata service, which exposes IAM credentials.

Exploitable / detected with

VibeSec nativeNuclei (+ interactsh OOB)

Exposed Secrets / API Keys in client code

Critical (9.1)
A02:2025·Passive·EPSS: varies per CVE

23 key patterns (Stripe, AWS, OpenAI, private keys, JWTs…) plus high-entropy detection in JS bundles and inline scripts.

Exploitable / detected with

VibeSec native

Exposed Files (.env, .git, backups, dumps)

High (7.5)
A05:2025·Passive·EPSS: varies per CVE

Publicly reachable environment files, Git repos, SQL dumps, configs, and cloud credential files.

Exploitable / detected with

VibeSec nativeNucleiNikto

Backup & Temp File Exposure (filename-derived)

High (7.5)
A05:2025·Passive·EPSS: varies per CVE

Probes backup and editor copies of your real source and config files (config.php.bak, index.php~, .env.old, vim .swp). Served as text, they leak credentials and source code.

Exploitable / detected with

VibeSec nativeffuf

Source Map Leak

Medium (5.3)
A05:2025·Passive·EPSS: varies per CVE

Accessible .js.map files reconstruct your original, unminified source code, revealing logic and hidden endpoints.

Exploitable / detected with

VibeSec native

Directory Listing Enabled

Medium (5.3)
A05:2025·Passive·EPSS: varies per CVE

Directories with no index file return an auto-generated, browsable listing of every file inside.

Exploitable / detected with

VibeSec nativeNikto

Verbose Error / Stack Trace Disclosure

Medium (5.3)
A05:2025·Passive·EPSS: varies per CVE

Detailed error pages leak framework, file paths, versions, and code/query fragments that help attackers.

Exploitable / detected with

VibeSec native

Admin / Login Panel Exposure

Medium (5.3)
A05:2025·Passive·EPSS: varies per CVE

Reachable admin and login panels that are prime targets for brute-force and default-credential attacks.

Exploitable / detected with

VibeSec nativeffufdirsearchNikto

Hidden Parameter Discovery

Low (3.7)
A05:2025·Active·EPSS: varies per CVE

Undocumented request parameters the server accepts but does not advertise, a common home for injection and access bugs.

Exploitable / detected with

arjun

Content / Endpoint Discovery

Low (3.7)
A05:2025·Active·EPSS: varies per CVE

Brute-forced unlinked paths: hidden APIs, backups, configs, and panels that expand the attack surface. Two engines (ffuf and dirsearch) with different wordlists are run so fewer hidden paths are missed.

Exploitable / detected with

ffufdirsearchVibeSec native

Host Header Injection

Medium (6.5)
A05:2025·Active·EPSS: varies per CVE

Reflected Host header enabling password-reset poisoning, cache poisoning, and malicious link generation.

Exploitable / detected with

VibeSec native

GraphQL Introspection Enabled

Medium (5.3)
A05:2025·Active·EPSS: varies per CVE

A GraphQL endpoint that hands out its full schema, including hidden and admin-only operations.

Exploitable / detected with

VibeSec nativeNuclei

Missing / Weak Security Headers

Medium (4.3)
A05:2025·Passive·EPSS: varies per CVE

Missing or weak CSP, HSTS, X-Frame-Options, etc., plus deep CSP analysis (unsafe-inline/eval, wildcards).

Exploitable / detected with

VibeSec native

Insecure Cookies

Medium (5.3)
A05:2025·Passive·EPSS: varies per CVE

Session cookies missing Secure / HttpOnly / SameSite, enabling theft via network sniffing, XSS, or CSRF.

Exploitable / detected with

VibeSec native

Weak / Expired TLS Certificate

High (7.4)
A02:2025·Passive·EPSS: varies per CVE

Expired, self-signed, or soon-to-expire certificates and missing HTTP→HTTPS redirects.

Exploitable / detected with

VibeSec native

Email Spoofing (SPF / DKIM / DMARC)

Medium (5.3)
A05:2025·Passive·EPSS: varies per CVE

Missing or weak email-authentication DNS records that let attackers send phishing as your domain.

Exploitable / detected with

VibeSec native

Outdated Components with Known CVEs (live OSV lookup)

High (varies)
A06:2025·Passive·EPSS: varies per CVE

Fingerprints frameworks/libraries and queries the live OSV.dev database for the exact version's known CVEs (not a static list). Severity varies by the specific CVE.

Exploitable / detected with

VibeSec nativeOSV.devNuclei

End-of-Life / Outdated Software (must-update)

High (varies)
A06:2025·Passive·EPSS: varies per CVE

Detects the software and versions a site runs, then checks each against endoflife.date to flag releases that are End-of-Life (no more security patches) or behind the latest, with the exact safe version to upgrade to. The clearest 'you need to update this' signal.

Exploitable / detected with

VibeSec nativewebanalyzewhatwebendoflife.date

Technology & Version Fingerprint (Wappalyzer DB)

Info (varies)
A06:2025·Active·EPSS: varies per CVE

Broad detection of servers, frameworks, CMS, JavaScript libraries, and analytics using the Wappalyzer fingerprint database (hundreds of technologies), capturing versions wherever the site exposes them.

Exploitable / detected with

webanalyzewhatwebVibeSec native

Vulnerable JavaScript Libraries (Retire.js)

High (varies)
A06:2025·Active·EPSS: varies per CVE

Downloads the JavaScript a page loads and scans it with Retire.js to flag client-side libraries with known vulnerabilities and CVEs. Catches the outdated jQuery/Bootstrap/Angular-style libraries that run in every visitor's browser.

Exploitable / detected with

Retire.js

Known CVE Templates (10,000+)

Critical (varies)
A06:2025·Active·EPSS: varies per CVE

Template-driven checks for thousands of named CVEs, default credentials, exposures, and misconfigurations.

Exploitable / detected with

NucleiOWASP ZAP

WAF Bypass / Evasion Testing

High (7.5)
A05:2025·Active·EPSS: varies per CVE

Sends a blatant attack payload raw, then under common encodings. If the WAF blocks the raw form but a mutation slips through, your WAF has an exploitable gap. Defensive: only blocked-vs-passed, no exploitation.

Exploitable / detected with

VibeSec nativewafw00fXSStrike

Infrastructure / Deployment Exposure

Critical (9.1)
A05:2025·Active·EPSS: varies per CVE

Flags database/management ports reachable from the internet (MySQL, Postgres, Mongo, Redis, Docker API), exposed metrics/debug endpoints, missing HTTPS redirect, and server-version disclosure.

Exploitable / detected with

VibeSec nativenmapnaabu

Defacement Risk

High (8.1)
A05:2025·Active·EPSS: varies per CVE

Detects the conditions that let an attacker replace your pages: writable HTTP methods (PUT/DELETE), unrestricted file uploads, and exposed content editors / file managers. Never defaces anything.

Exploitable / detected with

VibeSec native

Public Exploit Correlation (Exploit-DB)

High (varies)
A06:2025·Active·EPSS: varies per CVE

Takes the software and versions detected on your site and checks Exploit-DB for ready-to-run public exploits matching them, so you know what an attacker could grab off the shelf.

Exploitable / detected with

searchsploitExploit-DB

Service Vulnerability Scan (nmap NSE)

High (varies)
A06:2025·Active·EPSS: varies per CVE

Runs nmap's vuln script category against open services to flag known CVEs and exploitable misconfigurations on the host's network services.

Exploitable / detected with

nmap

Information & Contact Disclosure (OSINT)

Low (varies)
A05:2025·Passive·EPSS: varies per CVE

Collects the contact and personnel intelligence a site publishes (staff and role email addresses, phone numbers, social profiles, postal address, author names) and reports it as social-engineering attack surface, with guidance to reduce exposure. VibeSec gathers this defensively and never performs social engineering.

Exploitable / detected with

VibeSec native

Exposed Network Services (mail, FTP, SSH, RDP, DNS)

High (varies)
A05:2025·Active·EPSS: varies per CVE

A host rarely runs only a web server. Detects other internet-facing services on the same machine (SMTP/IMAP/POP3 mail, FTP, SSH, RDP, VNC, Telnet, DNS) and explains, per service, why each is a softer target than a hardened web server.

Exploitable / detected with

VibeSec nativenmap

Operating System & Network-Stack Fingerprint

Info (varies)
A06:2025·Active·EPSS: varies per CVE

Infers the host operating system and network stack from how it responds to probes (nmap -O). The OS itself is an attack surface, and an exact match lets an attacker pick OS-level exploits.

Exploitable / detected with

nmap

Default Credentials (default-login checks)

High (varies)
A07:2025·Active·EPSS: varies per CVE

Non-destructive checks for default and well-known credentials on detected login interfaces and admin panels, using Nuclei's default-login templates (single-attempt, no brute-forcing).

Exploitable / detected with

Nuclei

Full Active Scan (Burp Suite Pro + extensions, optional)

High (varies)
A03:2025·Active·EPSS: varies per CVE

When a licensed Burp Suite Professional is connected (via its REST API), VibeSec drives its full crawl-and-audit active scan and ingests every issue Burp finds. If you load BApp-Store extensions, their checks run automatically inside that scan: ActiveScan++ (host-header attacks, edge-case injection, cache-poisoning hints), Backslash Powered Scanner (probe-then-confirm discovery of unknown and obfuscated injection points), J2EEScan and the Software Vulnerability Scanner (tech-specific payload sets). All layered on top of the native and OSS engines.

Exploitable / detected with

Burp Suite ProActiveScan++Backslash Powered ScannerJ2EEScanSoftware Vulnerability Scanner

Attack-Surface Topology Map

Info (varies)
A05:2025·Passive·EPSS: varies per CVE

After each scan, visualizes your full external attack surface as an interactive graph: domain, subdomains, IPs, hosting/ASN, open ports, tech stack, WAF/CDN, and discovered endpoints.

Exploitable / detected with

VibeSec nativesubfindernmapasnmap

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